How is science fiction different from fantasy?

Fantasy and science fiction are different. The main differences according to "Plausibility Revisted" (2005) is that Fantasy is fiction, and fiction is made up, and there is no history to prove that the events in the text have happened before. Science fiction on the other hand, is a branch off of realism, and is almost like a middle ground between fantasy and non fiction. Another main difference is that in fantasy, the ideas that are thought up of are new, and this forces the reader to change their perspective and put aside their knowledge of how things work in the real world in order to enjoy and understand the text. Science fiction is based on ideas that have been proven, and just expands on them slighly. It is also based in either the past or the future most of the time, to show that the world has come to a certain point because of the real events that have happened in the present, the perfect example of this would be the film "2001: A Space Odyssey" which is about the year 2001 and how humans will be in space. This use of realism allows the audience to keep their knowledge of the world around them and take the information in with them when reading the text."Fantasy: The literature of subversion" (1981) states that "Ways of life and cultural practices which we had barely heard can now be set compellingly beside - can even comfort"